The Song dynasty statesman and historian Ouyang Xiu ( Template:Zh) has noted that paper playing cards arose in connection to an earlier development in the book format from scrolls to pages.

The first reference to the card game in world history dates no later than the 9th century, when the Collection of Miscellanea at Duyang, written by Tang Dynasty writer Su E, described Princess Tongchang (daughter of Emperor Yizong of Tang) playing the 'leaf game' in 868 with members of the Wei clan (the family of the princess' husband). The first playing cards appeared in the ninth century during Tang dynasty China. In some cases several decks are shuffled together to form a single pack or shoe. The composition of a deck is known to each player. The faces of the cards may all be unique, or there can be duplicates. Normally the backs of the cards are indistinguishable. Each card has two sides, the face and the back. Mamluk playing card (king of cups), c.15th centuryĪ card game is played with a deck or pack of playing cards which are identical in size and shape. 1400 AD, Ming Dynasty File:Mamluk playing card 7.jpg Playing cards Main article: Playing card File:Ming Dynasty playing card, c. The distinction is that the gameplay of a card game primarily depends on the use of the cards by players (the board is simply a guide for scorekeeping or for card placement), while board games (the principal non-card game genre to use cards) generally focus on the players' positions on the board, and use the cards for some secondary purpose. Similarly, some games that are placed in the card game genre involve a board. Many games that are not generally placed in the family of card games do in fact use cards for some aspect of their gameplay. A small number of card games played with traditional decks have formally standardized rules, but most are folk games whose rules vary by region, culture, and person. Countless card games exist, including families of related games (such as poker).

The Card Players, 17th century painting by Theodoor Rombouts File:15thCenturySpanishCardDeck.jpgĪ card game is any game using playing cards as the primary device with which the game is played, be they traditional or game-specific. File:Theodoor Rombouts - Joueurs de cartes.jpg

Original old maid card game rules